Safety Data Sheet for Glacial Acetic Acid Overview and Important Information

Safety Data Sheet for Glacial Acetic Acid

Introduction

Glacial acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a colorless liquid organic compound with a strong acidic smell. It is widely used in various industrial applications, including the production of acetate fibers, plastics, and food additives, as well as in laboratory settings. However, due to its potential hazards, it is crucial to understand its properties, safe handling practices, and emergency measures. This article aims to summarize key information presented in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for glacial acetic acid.

Chemical Identification

Glacial acetic acid has a chemical formula of C₂H₄O₂ and is characterized by a high purity level, generally above 99%. It has a melting point of 16.6 °C (61.88 °F) and a boiling point of 118.1 °C (244.58 °F). The compound is classified as a flammable liquid and is corrosive to metals, along with being a skin and respiratory irritant.

Hazard Identification

The SDS outlines several hazards associated with glacial acetic acid

- Flammability It is highly flammable, with a flash point of 39 °C (102.2 °F). Care should be taken to keep it away from heat, sparks, and open flames. - Corrosiveness Direct contact with skin or eyes can cause severe burns. Inhalation of vapors may lead to respiratory tract irritation or even lung damage. - Environmental Hazards The compound is harmful to aquatic life and can cause long-term adverse effects in the environment.

Composition/Information on Ingredients

The principal ingredient in glacial acetic acid is acetic acid itself, often accompanied by trace amounts of water and other substances, depending on the formulation. It is crucial to check for specific impurities when dealing with industrial formulations.

First Aid Measures

- Skin Contact Rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and seek medical advice. - Eye Contact Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and seek immediate medical assistance. - Inhalation Move the affected individual to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen and seek medical attention. - Ingestion Do NOT induce vomiting. Rinse the mouth and seek immediate medical help.

Fire-Fighting Measures

For fires involving glacial acetic acid, use the appropriate extinguishing media

- Suitable Extinguishing Media Alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide. - Specific Hazards During combustion, acetic acid can produce toxic fumes. Firefighters should wear protective equipment, including self-contained breathing apparatus.

Handling and Storage

To ensure safety while handling glacial acetic acid

- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Use gloves, goggles, and appropriate clothing to minimize exposure. - Ventilation Ensure that handling areas are adequately ventilated to prevent the accumulation of vapors. - Storage Conditions Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents and bases. Containers should be tightly sealed and clearly labeled.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Regular monitoring of airborne concentrations of glacial acetic acid is advisable in workplaces where it is used. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established permissible exposure limits, and appropriate engineering controls, such as fume hoods and exhaust systems, should be employed.

Ecological Information

Glacial acetic acid poses risks to aquatic ecosystems. It is biodegradable but can impact water quality negatively. Awareness of its environmental fate and transport is crucial in handling and disposal practices.

Conclusion

Although glacial acetic acid is a versatile and useful chemical in various industries, its handling requires a comprehensive understanding of its properties and potential hazards. Employers and employees must adhere to safety protocols outlined in the SDS to mitigate risks associated with exposure. Proper training and awareness can ensure that glacial acetic acid is used safely and effectively in all applicable environments. By following best practices, we can minimize the health and environmental risks associated with this powerful compound.