cas number glacial acetic acid

Understanding Glacial Acetic Acid CAS Number and Applications

Glacial acetic acid, scientifically known as ethanoic acid, is a colorless liquid organic compound with the chemical formula CH₃COOH. Its unique properties and versatile applications make it a critical substance in various industries, from chemical manufacturing to food preparation. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) has assigned glacial acetic acid a specific CAS number 64-19-7, which is used to identify this compound within databases and regulatory frameworks.

Characteristics of Glacial Acetic Acid

Glacial acetic acid is characterized by its distinct pungent smell and its hygroscopic nature, meaning it can absorb water from the environment. The term glacial refers to the compound's appearance at temperatures below 16.6 °C (61.88 °F), where it forms a crystalline solid. This property sets glacial acetic acid apart from its diluted form, which is commonly used in culinary applications and is referred to simply as vinegar. Pure glacial acetic acid has a melting point of 16.6 °C and a boiling point of 118.1 °C, making it a useful solvent for a variety of chemical reactions.

Industrial Applications

Glacial acetic acid plays a pivotal role in the chemical industry. It is one of the most important raw materials for the production of various chemicals. For instance, it is utilized in the synthesis of acetic anhydride, which is essential in producing synthetic fibers, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. Another derivative, acetate esters, made from glacial acetic acid, are used in coatings, adhesives, and inks, demonstrating the compound's versatility.

In addition, glacial acetic acid serves as a solvent for numerous organic compounds due to its polar nature, allowing chemists to facilitate reactions and purify products effectively. Its role as a reagent in organic synthesis cannot be overstated, particularly in processes such as esterification and acetylation. Furthermore, glacial acetic acid may serve as a catalyst in specific chemical reactions, enhancing the efficiency of these processes.

In laboratory settings, glacial acetic acid is an essential reagent used in a variety of experiments and procedures. Its ability to act as a proton donor makes it useful in acid-base reactions. Researchers often use it in titrations because of its known concentration and properties. It also plays a crucial role in molecular biology and DNA extraction protocols, demonstrating its importance beyond industrial applications.

Food Industry Applications

In the food industry, glacial acetic acid is commonly used as a food additive and preservative. When diluted, it becomes vinegar, a well-known condiment that has been used for centuries. It acts as a preservative by lowering pH, thereby inhibiting the growth of pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. Its sharp taste and aroma enhance the flavor profile of various dishes, making it a staple ingredient in many recipes.

Safety Considerations

While glacial acetic acid is widely used and valuable, it must be handled with care due to its corrosive nature. Direct exposure can cause severe burns to the skin and eyes, and inhalation of vapors can lead to respiratory issues. Therefore, personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and appropriate respiratory protection should be worn when handling this substance. Proper storage in tightly sealed containers is also essential to prevent accidental spills and ensure safety in the workplace.

Conclusion

Glacial acetic acid (CAS 64-19-7) is a remarkable chemical with widespread applications across various industries, including chemical manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, food production, and laboratory research. Its unique properties and versatility have made it an indispensable commodity in many sectors. However, understanding its nature and handling it safely is crucial due to its corrosive characteristics. As we continue to explore and innovate within different fields, glacial acetic acid will undoubtedly maintain its significance as a vital chemical in our daily lives.