Understanding Glacial Acetic Acid Properties and Applications in Various Industries

Understanding Glacial Acetic Acid CAS Number and Applications

Glacial acetic acid, identified by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number 64-19-7, is a vital organic compound with numerous applications in various industries. It is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent odor and is a pure form of acetic acid, containing no water. As a significant chemical in both industrial and laboratory settings, glacial acetic acid plays a crucial role in the production of various chemicals and materials.

Glacial acetic acid has the molecular formula C₂H₄O₂ and a molecular weight of 60.05 g/mol. It has a freezing point of 16.6°C (62°F) and a boiling point of 118.1°C (244.6°F). Being hygroscopic, it has the ability to absorb moisture from the environment, which makes its handling and storage critical in maintaining its purity.

One of the notable properties of glacial acetic acid is its acidity. It is classified as a weak acid, but it can still react with bases to form acetate salts. Due to its corrosive nature, it can cause burns and damage to tissues, necessitating careful handling and appropriate safety measures, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) when working with it.

Industrial Applications

Glacial acetic acid is extensively used in the chemical industry, primarily as a precursor to the synthesis of various chemicals. One of its most important derivatives is acetate, which is used to make products such as paints, solvents, and adhesives. Acetic anhydride, another significant derivative, is crucial in the production of cellulose acetate, a material used in film, textiles, and plastics.

In the food industry, glacial acetic acid is used as a food preservative and acidity regulator. It can be found in products like vinegar, where it enhances flavor while also acting as a preservative. Furthermore, glacial acetic acid plays a role in the production of various pharmaceuticals and is integral to the manufacturing of certain pharmaceuticals like acetaminophen.

Laboratory Uses

In laboratories, glacial acetic acid is commonly utilized as a reagent in various chemical reactions and experiments. It is particularly useful in organic synthesis and is often employed in the preparation of acetylated compounds. Researchers frequently use it in titrations to determine the concentration of basic substances due to its well-known acid-base properties.

Glacial acetic acid is also employed in analytical chemistry for techniques such as chromatography, where it serves as a solvent to dissolve samples. Its purity and stability make it an essential component in generating precise and reliable results in various analytical procedures.

Safety Considerations

Handling glacial acetic acid requires adherence to strict safety protocols. Precautions should include the use of protective goggles, gloves, and lab coats to prevent skin and eye contact. Additionally, it should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and bases, as it can react vigorously under certain conditions.

In conclusion, glacial acetic acid, under the CAS number 64-19-7, is a crucial compound with diverse applications across various industries, from manufacturing to food production. Its significant role in chemical synthesis and laboratory practices underscores its importance in contemporary science and industry. As with any chemical, understanding its properties and potential hazards is vital for safe and effective usage.