glacial acetic acid cas number

Understanding Glacial Acetic Acid Properties, Uses, and Safety

Glacial acetic acid is a pivotal chemical compound in both industrial and laboratory settings, often recognized by its CAS number, which is 64-19-7. This colorless liquid possesses a distinctive pungent odor and is characterized by its ability to freeze at 16.6 degrees Celsius, giving it a crystalline appearance at lower temperatures, hence the term glacial.

Chemical Properties

Chemically, glacial acetic acid is a simple carboxylic acid with the molecular formula CH₃COOH. It is a polar solvent, which makes it highly effective in dissolving a wide range of substances, including salts and organic compounds. Its acidity is moderate, with a pKa of about 4.76, allowing it to act both as a proton donor and acceptor in various reactions. The unique characteristics of glacial acetic acid make it a valuable reagent in organic synthesis, helping to facilitate reactions such as esterification and fermentation.

Industrial Uses

Glacial acetic acid is primarily utilized in the manufacture of various chemicals, serving as a precursor to acetic anhydride and acetate esters. These derivatives are crucial in the production of synthetic fibers, plastics, and solvents. For instance, acetate fibers are used in textiles, while acetate-based solvents are employed in paints and adhesives.

In addition, glacial acetic acid plays a significant role in food preservation and flavoring. It is a key component in vinegar, contributing to its sour taste and preservative qualities. Furthermore, it is used in the production of various food additives, providing a tangy flavor profile in numerous culinary applications.

Laboratory Applications

In laboratory settings, glacial acetic acid is instrumental in various chemical syntheses and analysis. It serves as a solvent for polar compounds and is utilized in titration processes and the preparation of buffer solutions. Its ability to react with a variety of substances makes it an essential tool in research and development across multiple scientific disciplines.

Safety Considerations

Though glacial acetic acid is widely used, it is essential to handle it with care due to its corrosive nature. Prolonged exposure can lead to skin burns and respiratory problems. Therefore, personal protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, and proper ventilation, is necessary when working with this compound. It is classified as a hazardous material, and appropriate safety protocols must be followed to minimize risks during storage and handling.

Conclusion

In conclusion, glacial acetic acid, identified by its CAS number 64-19-7, is a versatile compound with significant implications in various industries, including textiles, food production, and scientific research. Its unique properties allow it to serve multiple roles, from a vital ingredient in manufacturing to an essential reagent in laboratories. However, due to its corrosive nature, safety precautions are paramount to ensure the well-being of individuals who work with this potent chemical. Understanding both its applications and the necessary safety measures can enhance its use and reduce potential hazards in various settings.