glacial acetic acid cas number

Understanding Glacial Acetic Acid Properties, Uses, and Safety

Glacial acetic acid, with the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number 64-19-7, is a pivotal organic compound that serves numerous purposes in various industries. It is essentially the pure form of acetic acid, distinguished by its ability to solidify into a colorless, ice-like substance at temperatures below 16.6 degrees Celsius. This article aims to delve deeper into the properties, applications, and safety considerations associated with glacial acetic acid.

Properties of Glacial Acetic Acid

Glacial acetic acid is renowned for its distinct properties. As a carboxylic acid, it exhibits a pungent vinegar-like smell and has a boiling point of approximately 118 degrees Celsius. Pure acetic acid has a high density (1.05 g/cm³) and is highly miscible with water, forming a solution of varying concentrations. When melted, glacial acetic acid has a freezing point of 16.6 degrees Celsius, leading to its name glacial; the appearance of ice crystals at low temperatures resembles glaciers.

Due to its acidic nature, glacial acetic acid is capable of donating a proton (H⁺) in chemical reactions, and this property makes it valuable in the synthesis of various compounds. Its acidity is a crucial factor in enhancing the reactivity of certain chemical processes, positioning it as a key player in organic chemistry.

Applications of Glacial Acetic Acid

The versatility of glacial acetic acid is evident in its wide range of applications across several fields

1. Industrial Production One of the most significant uses of glacial acetic acid is in the production of acetic anhydride and acetate esters, which are essential for manufacturing fibers, plastics, and paints. These derivatives are used extensively in textiles, creating materials like rayon and acetate, which are valued for their softness and sheen.

2. Food Industry In the food sector, acetic acid is used as a food preservative and flavoring agent. It is commonly found in vinegar, an essential component in pickling and various culinary applications.

3. Pharmaceuticals Glacial acetic acid serves as a solvent and reagent in the pharmaceutical industry, assisting in the synthesis of important drugs and compounds. Its role in medicinal chemistry cannot be overstated, as it helps in the formulation of various pharmaceutical products.

4. Laboratory Reagent In academic and research laboratories, glacial acetic acid is utilized as a reagent in biochemical assays, molecular biology, and chemical synthesis.

5. Cleaning Agent Due to its antibacterial properties, glacial acetic acid is also used as a cleaning agent in household products and industrial applications, helping to remove mineral deposits and stains.

Safety Considerations

While glacial acetic acid has numerous beneficial applications, it is imperative to handle it with caution. Being a corrosive substance, direct contact with skin or eyes can result in severe burns or irritation. Proper protective equipment, including gloves and goggles, must be worn when working with glacial acetic acid. Inhalation of vapors can also lead to respiratory issues. Thus, working in well-ventilated areas and using respiratory protection is strongly recommended.

Conclusion

In summary, glacial acetic acid (CAS number 64-19-7) plays a multifaceted role in various industries, making it an essential compound in modern chemistry and manufacturing. Its diverse applications, ranging from industrial production to food preservation, highlight its significance. However, due to its corrosive nature, proper safety measures are crucial to prevent hazards in environments where it is used. Understanding both the utility and risks associated with glacial acetic acid is key to harnessing its benefits while ensuring safety.