glacial acetic acid cas number

Understanding Glacial Acetic Acid CAS Number and Its Applications

Glacial acetic acid, identified by its Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number 64-19-7, is a colorless liquid organic compound that is widely used in various industries. It is one of the most important derivatives of acetic acid, characterized by its purity and high concentration. The term glacial refers to its ability to solidify into ice-like crystals at low temperatures (below 16.6 °C or 62 °F), distinguishing it from diluted forms of acetic acid often found in household vinegar.

Chemical Properties

With the molecular formula C₂H₄O₂, glacial acetic acid exhibits a pungent smell and a strong acidic taste. It has a boiling point of 118.1 °C (244.6 °F) and a density of approximately 1.05 g/cm³, which makes it denser than water. This compound is miscible with water, meaning it can fully dissolve in water, further enhancing its versatility in various applications.

Industrial Applications

Glacial acetic acid plays a pivotal role in the production of a range of chemicals. It serves as an excellent solvent and is an integral starting material in the synthesis of numerous industrial chemicals, including acetic anhydride, acetate esters, and polyvinyl acetate. The latter is commonly used in adhesives, paints, and coatings due to its excellent adhesive properties and flexibility.

In the textile industry, glacial acetic acid is essential in dyeing processes. It helps to fix dyes to fibers, ensuring vibrant and long-lasting colors. Additionally, in the food industry, while it is less common in its glacial form, acetic acid is critical in food preservation and flavoring, primarily as vinegar.

Laboratory Uses

In laboratory settings, glacial acetic acid is frequently utilized as a reagent and solvent. It is used in various organic synthesis reactions, including esterification, where it reacts with alcohols to form esters. Furthermore, it serves as a dehydrating agent and is involved in molecular biology applications such as DNA extraction.

Safety Considerations

While glacial acetic acid is a valuable chemical, it is essential to handle it with caution. It is classified as a corrosive substance and can cause severe burns upon contact with skin or eyes. Inhalation of vapors can lead to respiratory issues, making proper ventilation and protective equipment crucial during its use.

Conclusion

Glacial acetic acid, with its CAS number 64-19-7, is a vital compound in various sectors, including chemical manufacturing, textiles, and food processing. Its unique properties and versatility make it indispensable in industrial applications. However, proper handling and safety measures are paramount to mitigate its corrosive nature. As the demand for chemicals continues to grow, understanding glacial acetic acid's role and applications will remain important in both industrial and laboratory contexts.