Safety Data Sheet for Glacial Acetic Acid Handling and Hazard Information

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for Glacial Acetic Acid

Introduction

Glacial acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a pungent smell. It is a vital chemical in various industrial applications and is widely used in the production of synthetic fibers, plastics, and food additives. However, due to its corrosive nature and potential health hazards, it is essential to understand its properties, handling procedures, and safety measures outlined in its Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).

Chemical Properties

Glacial acetic acid has a molecular formula of C₂H₄O₂ and a molecular weight of 60.05 g/mol. It has a boiling point of 118°C (244°F) and a melting point of 16.6°C (61.88°F). The chemical is highly soluble in water, ethanol, and ether, which increases its risk of exposure through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion. The pH of glacial acetic acid is around 2.4, indicating its strong acidic nature.

Exposure to glacial acetic acid can lead to various health concerns. It is classified as a corrosive substance and can cause severe skin burns, eye damage, and respiratory irritation. Inhalation of vapors may lead to coughing, shortness of breath, and other respiratory issues. Acute exposure might result in gastrointestinal irritation if ingested. Therefore, it is crucial to handle this chemical with care and to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

Handling and Storage

When handling glacial acetic acid, it is vital to work in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to minimize inhalation risks. Users should wear safety goggles, face shields, rubber gloves, and impermeable clothing to prevent skin and eye contact. Storage should occur in a cool, dry place in tightly closed containers made of compatible materials such as glass or high-density polyethylene (HDPE). It must be kept away from incompatible substances, including strong oxidizers, bases, and reactive metals.

Emergency Measures

In case of accidental exposure, different measures should be taken depending on the route of exposure. If skin contact occurs, wash the affected area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing. For eye contact, flush the eyes immediately with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention promptly. If inhaled, move the individual to fresh air and seek medical assistance if symptoms persist. In case of ingestion, do not induce vomiting; instead, seek medical help immediately.

Environmental Impact

Glacial acetic acid can pose risks to the environment if not handled or disposed of properly. It can lead to water pollution and affect aquatic life due to its acidic nature. It is essential to follow all regulatory guidelines for the disposal of hazardous waste to minimize environmental impact.

Conclusion

Glacial acetic acid is an essential chemical in many industrial processes, but its corrosive nature and associated health risks necessitate careful handling and storage. The information provided in its Material Safety Data Sheet serves as a crucial resource for ensuring safety in workplaces that utilize this chemical. By adhering to recommended safety practices and guidelines, individuals can minimize risks and contribute to a safer working environment.