Safety Data Sheet for Glacial Acetic Acid from Sigma Aldrich

Understanding the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) of Glacial Acetic Acid from Sigma-Aldrich

Glacial acetic acid is an essential chemical used in various laboratory applications, including chemical synthesis, biological research, and as a solvent. Sigma-Aldrich, a prominent supplier of scientific and laboratory chemicals, provides a comprehensive Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for glacial acetic acid. This document serves as a crucial resource for researchers and laboratory personnel to ensure the safe handling, storage, and disposal of this chemical.

Chemical Identification

Glacial acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a pungent odor. Its chemical formula is CH₃COOH, and it has a high boiling point of 118.1 °C, making it a widely used solvent and reagent in organic chemistry. Sigma-Aldrich's SDS specifies the chemical's identity, including its synonyms, CAS number (64-19-7), and relevant physical and chemical properties.

Hazards Identification

One of the most critical aspects of the SDS is the hazards identification section, which outlines the potential risks associated with glacial acetic acid. According to Sigma-Aldrich, this chemical is classified as flammable and can cause severe skin burns and eye damage. Inhalation of vapors may lead to respiratory irritation, and in high concentrations, it can be harmful. The SDS also provides precautionary statements, advising users to wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats when handling the substance.

In the event of exposure, the SDS outlines essential first aid measures. For skin contact, it recommends immediately rinsing the affected area with plenty of water and seeking medical attention if irritation persists. If glacial acetic acid is inhaled, it advises moving the person to fresh air and seeking medical help if symptoms such as coughing or difficulty breathing occur. For eye exposure, the SDS emphasizes the importance of rinsing the eyes for at least 15 minutes and consulting an eye specialist.

Fire-fighting Measures

Given that glacial acetic acid is flammable, the SDS details specific fire-fighting measures. It recommends using dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant foam to extinguish fires involving this substance. Additionally, water should be avoided unless used to cool storage containers. The importance of ensuring proper ventilation and maintaining a safe distance from fire sources is also emphasized.

Accidental Release Measures

In the case of a spill or leak, the SDS provides instructions for safe cleanup. It advises users to wear appropriate PPE and to prevent the chemical from entering waterways or soil. Absorbent materials, such as clay or sand, can be used to contain and clean up spills, followed by proper disposal. Moreover, the document underscores the need for adequate ventilation during cleanup and the importance of reporting significant spills to environmental authorities.

Handling and Storage

Proper handling and storage are critical to minimizing risks associated with glacial acetic acid. Sigma-Aldrich’s SDS advises storing the chemical in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizers and bases. Containers should be tightly closed and labeled clearly, indicating the hazards associated with the substance.

Conclusion

The Safety Data Sheet for glacial acetic acid provided by Sigma-Aldrich is an invaluable tool for laboratory safety. It contains important information regarding the chemical's properties, hazards, first aid measures, and safe handling practices. By consulting the SDS and adhering to its guidelines, researchers and laboratory personnel can minimize risks and ensure a safer working environment when using this widely utilized chemical. Always remember that safety in the laboratory starts with awareness and adherence to established protocols, and the SDS is a foundational resource in achieving this goal.