glacial aceticacid_glacial aceticacid

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The boiling point of glacial acetic acid is 117.9°C, which is about 30°C lower than that of water (100°C). This low boiling point is due to the presence of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds in glacial acetic acid. These hydrogen bonds form between the hydrogen atoms of the -COOH group and the oxygen atoms of neighboring molecules, creating a network of interconnected molecules. This network makes it difficult for the molecules to escape into the gas phase, resulting in a lower boiling point compared to water.

Glacial acetic acid serves as a critical component in various chemical reactions, particularly as a solvent or reagent in organic synthesis. It is widely used in the production of synthetic fibers, plastics, and various pharmaceuticals. Additionally, in the food industry, it acts as a preservative and flavoring agent, though it is typically utilized in far diluted forms compared to its glacial state.

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Hydrochloric acid is much stronger than acetic acid for example, so tends to remove scale faster. Weak acids such as acetic or citric acids may be preferred however, where damage to the substrate is to be minimized.