cas number glacial acetic acid

Glacial Acetic Acid An Overview

Glacial acetic acid, represented by the chemical formula CH₃COOH and classified under the CAS number 64-19-7, is a vital organic compound with numerous applications in various industries. This clear, colorless liquid has a sharp, pungent odor and is characterized by its ability to form hydrogen bonds, which gives it unique properties crucial for its function in chemical reactions.

Properties and Characteristics

Glacial acetic acid is the anhydrous form of acetic acid, meaning it contains no water content. This concentrated version boasts a melting point of approximately 16.6°C (61.88°F) and a boiling point of 118.1°C (244.6°F). At room temperature, it is a liquid that can act as both a weak acid and a solvent, making it significant in chemical synthesis and laboratory settings. Its density is about 1.05 g/cm³, which contributes to its utility in various applications.

One of the most remarkable features of glacial acetic acid is its miscibility with water, ethanol, and ether. This quality allows it to act effectively as a solvent for various organic compounds. Due to its strong acidity, glacial acetic acid can engage in various chemical reactions, including esterification, amidation, and various acetylation reactions. This versatility makes it indispensable in synthetic organic chemistry.

Glacial acetic acid is a key starting material in the production of several important chemicals. It is primarily used in the manufacture of synthetic fibers, plastics, and food flavorings. One of its most significant applications is in the production of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and acetate esters, which are used in adhesives and coatings. Additionally, it serves as a solvent in the manufacturing processes of numerous industrial products.

In the food industry, glacial acetic acid is commonly utilized as a food preservative and flavoring agent. It is labeled as E260 when used in food products. The acid's antimicrobial properties help in inhibiting the growth of bacteria and pathogens, thereby extending the shelf life of various food items. It also plays a crucial role in food processing, particularly in the preservation of pickles and other fermented foods.

Moreover, glacial acetic acid is pivotal in the textile industry, where it is used to manufacture synthetic fibers such as acetate fibers. These fibers are regulated as environmentally friendly materials, thus aligning with sustainable practices.

Safety and Handling

Although glacial acetic acid has numerous beneficial applications, it poses several health hazards. It is classified as corrosive and can cause burns when it comes into contact with skin or eyes. Inhalation of vapors can lead to respiratory issues and irritation of the mucous membranes. Therefore, proper handling and safety measures are paramount when working with glacial acetic acid.

Handling this compound requires the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and laboratory coats. In industrial settings, good ventilation is critical to minimize exposure to harmful vapors. Additionally, appropriate storage is essential; glacial acetic acid should be kept in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from sources of ignition and moisture.

Conclusion

In summary, glacial acetic acid is a highly versatile chemical with vast applications across multiple industries, from food preservation to synthetic polymer production. Its unique properties make it an essential component in both industrial and laboratory environments. However, awareness of its safety concerns is crucial to ensure that it is handled appropriately. As industries continue to evolve and seek efficient, sustainable solutions, glacial acetic acid remains a critical player in the landscape of chemical manufacturing and applications.